![]() >60° in the anterosuperior position* is a recommended threshold 7Īnterosuperior cartilage lesions e.g. >55° considered a risk factor in the anterior position Loss of sphericity or a bump at the femoral head-neck junction especially in the anterosuperior locationĪssociated findings e.g. The following morphological features can be assessed 1- 6: ![]() Loss of sphericity, flattening or a bump at the femoral head-neck junction, often found in the anterosuperior locationĪssociated findings e.g. CTīone morphology and abnormalities in particular of the proximal femur can be nicely depicted 1: Plain radiographĪP view pelvis: the typical finding is the pistol grip appearance of the proximal femur.ĭunn view: for evaluation of contour abnormalities of the head-neck junction including femoral head-neck offset. Cross-sectional imaging is advised for better characterization, the detection of chondral and labral lesions and preoperative planning 1,6. Radiographic featuresįor initial identification of cam morphology, an AP view of the pelvis and a lateral femoral neck view is recommended 1. The predilection site for possible injury in cam deformity is the chondrolabral junction of the anterosuperior acetabulum 6. The cam morphology is usually most prominent in the anterosuperior position of the femoral head-neck junction 7 usually between 0:30 and 2:30 on the clock face of the hip ref. Genetic predisposition (increased risk in siblings) High mechanical loading forces at the time of physeal closure (i.e. Not yet completely understood, a combination of several factors seems to cause cam morphology 2-6: This leads to a restriction in range of motion especially during hip flexion, internal rotation and adduction with associated shear at the chondrolabral junction 3,6. The deformity usually involves the anterosuperior aspect of the proximal femur more precisely the head-neck junction and is characterized by a loss of sphericity of the femoral head 4 and a flat or convex in cases even ‘bumpy‘ head neck-junction 1-6. ComplicationsĬam morphology causes increased shear forces at the chondrolabral junction, possibly leading to the following 1-3: A painfully decreased range of motion during hip flexion, internal rotation and adduction, locking and stiffness are also described. Osteoarthritis of the hip: risk is 3-8 times higher than in non-athletes 2Ĭam morphology itself can be and remain asymptomatic or can cause clinical signs and symptoms as typical motion or position-dependent hip or groin pain and is then referred to as femoroacetabular impingement 1,2. ![]() Risk factorsĪ higher incidence of cam morphology has been found in high-impact sports 1-6: Cam morphology is more common in males than in females. There is a significantly higher prevalence of cam morphology in athletes compared to non-athletes. ![]() Cam morphology is also commonly referred to as 'cam deformity', 'cam lesion' or 'cam abnormality'. According to the Warwick agreement ‘cam morphology’ is the preferred term 1. ![]()
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